Thematic ETFs: Timing Is Everything
First it was clean energy then artificial intelligence. Thematic ETFs offer exposure to structural long-term megatrends.
However, timing the entry point is just as important as selecting the right theme.
BlackRock’s clean energy ETF provides a perfect example of this. While the iShares Global Clean Energy UCITS ETF (INRG) returned 17.6% annualized over the five years to the end of June 2023, the annualized return for investors—based on inflows and outflows—was -5.5%, a 23 percentage point gap, according to Morningstar research.
This is an extreme example given the thematic ETF poster child saw $5.8 billion in inflows between November 2020 and January 2021; however, it highlights the challenge of not only selecting the right ETF but also choosing when to invest.
“Investor buying and selling habits connected with thematic funds over the last five years have destroyed considerable value,” Kenneth Lamont, senior fund analyst at Morningstar, warned.
“Fund investors are collectively poor market-timers and they particularly struggle in more volatile and exotic funds compared with more diversified core building blocks," he said.
This is especially pronounced for thematic ETFs that have more concentrated portfolios. In the search to offer the purest exposure to a particular megatrend, ETF issuers move down the market-cap spectrum, potentially leading to greater volatility.
“ETFs’ concentration results in high levels of volatility,” Lamont added. “More volatile funds seem to induce more frequent trading and a tendency to buy high and sell low. Most investors would achieve better investment outcomes by adopting a more patient buy-and-hold approach.”
As a result, demand for thematic ETFs has waned, with some investors concerned about the volatility and overlap with traditional sectors.
According to data from ETFbook, thematic ETFs have seen $116 million in outflows so far in 2024, as of March 22, adding to the $1.1 billion in net redemptions last year.
This is in stark contrast to the combined $16.3 billion in inflows in 2021 and 2022 as investors embraced the digital shift following the COVID-19 pandemic. Assets in thematic ETFs currently total $44 billion, as at the end of 2023.
How thematic ETFs fit within a multi-asset portfolio is a challenge for fund selectors, with questions around whether they remain a satellite holding or can be incorporated as a core building block.
“Thematic ETFs will likely always be used as an extension to allocations in more traditional sectors, and normally only in higher risk portfolios, as opposed to being standalone allocations within our strategic asset allocation,” Terry McGivern, senior research analyst at AJ Bell, told ETF Stream.
“This is because there is often a high degree of overlap with traditional sector/ regional exposures and also because many of the newer themes do not have the data available to really work them into a normal capital market assumptions and asset allocation framework.”
Final Word
Thematic ETFs can be a fantastic way to add alpha to portfolios, however, in a market where the number of products is booming, selecting the right ETF and adopting a long-term time horizon has never been more vital.
This article first appeared in ETF Insider, a monthly ETF magazine of etf.com's sister publication ETFstream.com. To read the full edition, click here.